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{"id":2026,"date":"2019-12-16T13:48:24","date_gmt":"2019-12-16T12:48:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ataunturismoa.eus\/heritage\/the-ataun-organ-its-mechanisms-and-functioning\/"},"modified":"2023-11-17T15:51:28","modified_gmt":"2023-11-17T14:51:28","slug":"the-ataun-organ-its-mechanisms-and-functioning","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.ataunturismoa.eus\/en\/heritage\/the-ataun-organ-its-mechanisms-and-functioning\/","title":{"rendered":"The Ataun Organ: Its mechanisms and functioning"},"content":{"rendered":"
En cuanto a sus componentes o mecanismos, cabe clasificarlos en:<\/p>\n
\n
Externos: caja, consola y tubos de fachada.<\/li>\n
Internos:\n
\n
El sistema de alimentaci\u00f3n:<\/strong>\u00a0el \u00f3rgano es un instrumento musical de viento y como tal, necesita una cantidad suficiente de aire, determinada, en parte, por el n\u00famero de tubos que tiene. Este aire, que debe ser de flujo continuo y presi\u00f3n constante, lo proporcionan los fuelles.<\/li>\n
Los porta-vientos<\/strong>\u00a0trasladan ese aire hasta los secretos, que son como cajas de madera sobre las que se colocan los tubos. \nEl aire generado por los fuelles llega, a trav\u00e9s de un gran porta-vientos, a una caja de la misma longitud que el secreto, el arca del viento, y all\u00ed queda almacenado. Este arca ( que est\u00e1 herm\u00e9ticamente cerrada) se encarga de distribuir correctamente el aire a los tubos deseados. El arca de viento constituye la parte inferior del secreto donde terminan las extremidades de las transmisiones mec\u00e1nicas. \u00c9stas se enganchan a las v\u00e1lvulas,\u00a0 despu\u00e9s de haber atravesado el arca de viento por unos orificios provistos de peque\u00f1as membranas de piel, tetillas, que garantizan la estanquidad. \nLas v\u00e1lvulas, que son de madera, se mantienen en posici\u00f3n de reposo contra el techo del arca de viento por medio de un resorte. Cuando el organista hunde una tecla, el movimiento es transmitido a la v\u00e1lvula que, abri\u00e9ndose, deja entrar el aire en un canal. Estos canales alimentan en viento todos los tubos correspondientes a una misma nota del teclado. \nDespu\u00e9s, existe un dispositivo que permite al organista elegir los registros a su voluntad: las correderas, largas piezas de madera m\u00f3viles que se intercalan ente dos placas tambi\u00e9n de madera. La placa o tapa inferior est\u00e1 fijada sobre los canales y contiene tantos agujeros como tubos hay; la superior est\u00e1s asimismo agujereada y sus orificios ( donde se colocan directamente los tubos) coinciden con los de la tapa inferior; las correderas tienen, igualmente, agujeros coincidentes con los de ambas tapas. Para que un registro pueda sonar, los orificios de la corredera deben estar alineados con los de las tapas. \nFinalmente, est\u00e1 la pandereta, conjunto de placas cuyo papel es el de mantener los tubos en posici\u00f3n vertical.<\/li>\n
Los mecanismos de transmisi\u00f3n:<\/strong>\u00a0Los elementos del secreto se ponen en movimiento a trav\u00e9s de dos mecanismos complementarios: uno act\u00faa sobre los registros (para elegir los timbres) y el otro sobre las v\u00e1lvulas (para elegir las notas).\n
\n
Accionamiento de los registros: los registros se accionan por medio de unos tirantes o tiradores de registros situados a ambos lados del teclado. El movimiento resultante se transmite a la corredera, que se desplaza, permitiendo el paso del aire a los tubos seleccionados de esta manera.<\/li>\n
Accionamiento de las v\u00e1lvulas: Si los tubos pudieran estas dispuestos justo encima de las teclas del teclado, el mecanismo de transmisi\u00f3n de notas ser\u00eda muy simple. Pero normalmente esto no suele ser as\u00ed, porque la longitud del secreto es superior a la de un teclado. La reducci\u00f3n viene a salvar este contratiempo: se trata de una placa con forma de trapecio cuyo lado mayor tiene igual longitud que el secreto y el menor la misma que el teclado. Se llama as\u00ed porque “reduce” la longitud del secreto a la del teclado: Es decir, porque permite transmitir las \u00f3rdenes de un teclado de aproximadamente 80 cm a los distintos tubos del secreto que pueden medir hasta 6 m e incluso m\u00e1s. \nSobre esta placa est\u00e1n fijadas unas barras de madera o de hierro que pilotan sobre su eje, los molinetes, cuya funci\u00f3n es la de desplazar el movimiento lateralmente. A cada tecla le corresponde un molinete. Cada molinete consta de dos brazos: uno unido a la tecla de un extremo y el otro a la v\u00e1lvula del extremo opuesto. Al presionar una tecla, se provoca la rotaci\u00f3n del molinete, que pivota ligeramente, lo que produce un movimiento id\u00e9ntico del otro extremo o brazo. Este brazo, en consecuencia, acciona la v\u00e1lvula deseada que , abri\u00e9ndose, deja pasar al aire a un canal. Es decir, mediante la reducci\u00f3n los dedos del organista accionan directamente la abertura de la v\u00e1lvula (condici\u00f3n indispensable para que el aire llegue hasta el tubo correspondiente y desde aqu\u00ed salga al exterior convertido en m\u00fasica).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
En cuanto a sus componentes o mecanismos, cabe clasificarlos en: Externos: caja, consola y tubos de fachada. Internos: El sistema de alimentaci\u00f3n:\u00a0el \u00f3rgano es un instrumento musical de viento y como tal, necesita una cantidad suficiente de aire, determinada, en parte, por el n\u00famero de tubos que tiene. Este aire, que debe ser de flujo […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"parent":2002,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-templates\/page-rigth.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2026","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n
The Ataun Organ: Its mechanisms and functioning - Ataun Turismoa<\/title>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\t\n