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{"id":2030,"date":"2019-12-16T14:03:38","date_gmt":"2019-12-16T13:03:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ataunturismoa.eus\/heritage\/the-ataun-organ-history\/"},"modified":"2023-11-17T15:46:13","modified_gmt":"2023-11-17T14:46:13","slug":"the-ataun-organ-history","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.ataunturismoa.eus\/en\/heritage\/the-ataun-organ-history\/","title":{"rendered":"The Ataun Organ: History"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Los or\u00edgenes de este instrumento musical se remontan hasta el siglo III a.C. Geogr\u00e1ficamente, el “invento” se localiza en la ciudad de Alejandr\u00eda, que en la \u00e9poca mencionada era un importante centro de la cultura y la ciencia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En este contexto hist\u00f3rico el griego Ctesibios cre\u00f3 el hydraulis<\/strong>, es decir, el que se considera como el antepasado m\u00e1s lejano del \u00f3rgano. El nombre, con el que el propio autor-inventor denomin\u00f3 a su creaci\u00f3n , obedece a una caracter\u00edstica original de aquel primer \u00f3rgano: la utilizaci\u00f3n del agua como peso para comprimir el aire (hoy d\u00eda esa funci\u00f3n la desempe\u00f1an los pesos colocados sobre los tableros de los fuelles). El hydraulis<\/strong> pose\u00eda desde su invenci\u00f3n los elementos consustanciales a todo \u00f3rgano:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. Una o varias filas de tubos sonoros.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Un secreto para almacenar el viento.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. Unos fuelles.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. Un teclado para dirigir el viento hacia uno u otro tubo.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    El invento de Ctesibios tuvo una pronta aceptaci\u00f3n y expansi\u00f3n en el mundo griego. Adem\u00e1s, en este primer momento se us\u00f3 con distintas finalidades: para amenizar los momentos de ocio, para advertir a los ciudadanos en situaciones de alerta, para transmitir mensajes…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
    \n
    \"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
    \n
    \"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

    Roma acogi\u00f3, tambi\u00e9n con gran \u00e9xito, el invento procedente de Grecia y as\u00ed, uno de sus m\u00e1s ilustres emperadores, Ner\u00f3n, fue organista y gran admirador de este instrumento musical.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Cuando el Imperio romano de Occidente se hunde, v\u00edctima de las invasiones b\u00e1rbaras del siglo V, arrastra en su ca\u00edda al \u00f3rgano que, en consecuencia, desaparece de la Europa Occidental; pero este instrumento musical proseguir\u00e1 su camino y se difundir\u00e1 por el Imperio de Oriente.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    El \u00f3rgano reaparecer\u00e1 en los reinos cristianos de Occidente hacia el siglo X de la mano de los musulmanes (en la \u00e9poca de Abd al-Rahman III, califa de C\u00f3rdoba) y tras superar el ostracismo al que hab\u00eda sido condenado por la Iglesia, su historia ir\u00e1 inevitable y naturalmente unida a la historia de \u00e9sta, a los avatares de todo tipo que determinan la historia de cada centro o lugar de culto.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Por eso, en la actualidad, los mejores y m\u00e1s hermosos exponentes se encuentran en las iglesias, catedrales y similares. Sin embargo, tuvo que esperar aproximadamente catorce siglos antes de que fuera aceptada por la Iglesia. Hasta el siglo XI el \u00e1mbito del \u00f3rgano estaba limitado a la vida civil, ya que la Iglesia rechazaba los instrumentos musicales por el “peligroso paganismo” del que se les acusaba. A partir del siglo XI la actitud de la Iglesia con respecto al \u00f3rgano empieza a cambiar, hasta que \u00e9ste llega a convertirse en un elemento importante en el campo religioso, no s\u00f3lo como el instrumento musical preferido, sino tambi\u00e9n como un componente arquitect\u00f3nico y art\u00edstico-est\u00e9tico de la iglesia o la catedral en que se ubica.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    De este modo, se crea un nexo inherente ente \u00f3rgano-iglesia\/catedral, por lo que en muchas ocasiones, la calidad y la belleza de aqu\u00e9l sirven como par\u00e1metro de la importancia y la grandeza de \u00e9sta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Hoy d\u00eda el \u00f3rgano ha conseguido atraer el inter\u00e9s de los expertos y de los menos expertos o los meros aficionados. Adem\u00e1s, este inter\u00e9s trasciende el \u00e1mbito puramente religioso y se empieza a estudiarlo como una obra de arte, parte integrante del patrimonio cultural, que como tal, hay que mimarlo y cuidarlo. Desde esta perspectiva, muchos \u00f3rganos se est\u00e1n restaurando, se ahonda en su historia, se organizan conciertos… y se publican folletos como \u00e9ste para darlos a conocer.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Los or\u00edgenes de este instrumento musical se remontan hasta el siglo III a.C. Geogr\u00e1ficamente, el “invento” se localiza en la ciudad de Alejandr\u00eda, que en la \u00e9poca mencionada era un importante centro de la cultura y la ciencia. En este contexto hist\u00f3rico el griego Ctesibios cre\u00f3 el hydraulis, es decir, el que se considera como el […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"parent":2002,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-templates\/page-rigth.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2030","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nThe Ataun Organ: History - Ataun Turismoa<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ataunturismoa.eus\/en\/heritage\/the-ataun-organ-history\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Ataun Organ: History - Ataun Turismoa\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Los or\u00edgenes de este instrumento musical se remontan hasta el siglo III a.C. 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